Drinkwater S. Informal caring and labour market outcomes within England and Wales, Regional Studies. Within-country analysis of the links between informal care provision and labour market outcomes has been limited even though there are wide regional variations in informal caring. This issue is important because areas with the highest levels of informal caring typically have relatively low economic activity and employment rates. Despite the wide variations in informal care provision, labour market outcomes for different care categories are not found to vary markedly across England and Wales. However, labour market outcomes for males, as well as females, are heavily influenced for those who provide high levels of caring, especially in the South Wales Valleys.