Background The lack of adequate medical care, healthcare, and older adult care in remote, low-income, rural Kazakh areas of China is a particular concern that should be prioritized for improvement. Purpose This study was designed to explore the relationship between the variables of disability severity, social support, and caregiver competence and the quality of home-based care in a population of Kazakh older adults with disabilities and to analyze the path between severity of disability and quality of home-based care in this population.