The purpose of this article is to examine the implications of care ethics in a Korean welfare state. It shows how Confucianism, developmentalism and neoliberalism can both promote and restrict the establishment of a Korean caring welfare state. Despite the fact that these Korean contexts can either support or undercut the development of a caring welfare state, it is clear that none of these contexts places particular importance on the value of care and care relationships. In the Confucian and neoliberal contexts, care is a family or private issue, while developmentalism fails to appreciate care due to its prioritisation of economic development.